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Last year, the State Administration of Work Safety issued the “First Catalogue of Hazardous Chemical Processes with Major Regulations†and “The first batch of hazardous chemical process safety control requirements, key monitoring parameters, and recommended control programs for key supervision,†requiring the use of chlorination and ammonia. Enterprises of hazardous technologies such as chemical, oxidation, and fluorination, in accordance with the hazardous chemical processes and their characteristics adopted by this enterprise, determine the key monitored process parameters, equip and improve the automatic control system, and propose to strive to complete the adoption of hazardous chemicals by the end of 2010. The automation of the production equipment of the process will improve the level of intrinsic safety. It is understood that Shandong, Jiangsu and other places involved in hazardous chemical production facilities, has completed the automation of dangerous processes.
“Equipment, management, and personnel quality are the three elements of safe production. Although the degree of automation has been improved, it is ultimately controlled by people. Operational errors of employees often become one of the most important causes of accidents. Safety production must pay special attention to people. The thinking and behavior of the company.†Sun Siyuan, deputy general manager of Jiangsu Huapeng Technology Development Co., Ltd., said in an interview. The automation level of the equipment has been improved, and employees who have an indolent mentality have also created opportunities. Some employees feel troublesome at work, and they are afraid that it will take time to save some necessary operations or use the necessary safety protection facilities. Labor protection supplies cause violations and cause accidents.
At present, in the safety accidents in the chemical industry, human factors account for 70% to 80% of the total number of accidents. The statistical data of nearly 100 liftings and extraordinarily serious safety production accidents that occurred in CNPC over the past few years shows that illegal command, illegal operation, and violation of labor discipline account for approximately 80%. Subjective errors, despise, luck, and ignorance are the major causes of accidents. the reason.
For the accident caused by operators, Wang Yong, a senior engineer at Gudong Oil Production Plant in Shengli Oilfield, believes that the reasons are very complex and that various factors affect each other. Operators are subject to psychological factors such as panic, anxiety, color blindness, fatigue, drunkenness, and diseases. And the influence of physiological factors, the perception of data, tips, status, etc.; habitual operation, habits, violations, when the device is abnormal, panic, declining response capacity, leading to misuse; mental fatigue, long monotonous operations often make people feel Boring, or even bored, reduces the level of brain consciousness.
Experts pointed out that the level of automation has been increased, and the requirements for certain positions will be even higher. It will also require strengthening safety education, training and management, and improving employee operation and safety skills.
There are weaknesses in the on-site safety management of many companies, which are mainly manifested in the non-strict implementation of management systems, non-standard operations, and low-level safety personnel. Through training and implementation of safety production standardization operations and standard operations, the production practices should be standardized so that all production processes meet the requirements of safety production laws and regulations and standards. Persons, machines, and objects are in a good state, and operators' technical capabilities are eliminated. Man-made accidents. At the same time, the ability of managers and operators to eliminate potential accidents and reduce losses from accidents is enhanced. Rationally organize production, improve working conditions and environment, improve employee job satisfaction and occupational health, and ensure that employees have a good physical and mental state.
The person in charge of Haohua Aerospace Chemical Co., Ltd. stated that while enhancing the technological advancement, safety, reliability, and operational controllability of the device, the company must also strengthen the responsibility system for safety production, staff safety awareness and protection skills, system implementation, and equipment. Management, site supervision and other aspects of the work, look for the implementation of safety rules and regulations, hidden vulnerability inspection and rectification loopholes and weaknesses, out of a focus on improving staff safety awareness and protection skills, to enhance the technical safety level of process equipment as a means of safety management road.
Increased self-control of dangerous chemical industry still needs to prevent "man-made disasters"
With the approach of the end of the year, many chemical companies have successively completed the automation control and safety chain technological transformation. The automation control system has been widely used in production, and the control operation is more and more convenient. The production has more and more reliability and safety. However, experts pointed out that the automation level of safety control has been raised, and the human factors of safety production cannot be overlooked. It is necessary to prevent the automatic control system from becoming ineffective due to the operation behavior that does not conform to the safety regulations and lead to the occurrence of safety production accidents.