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From February 1, 2008, China's light commercial vehicles will begin to implement the “Limits for Fuel Consumption of Light Commercial Vehicles†(GB20997-2007). This standard is a mandatory national standard and has been approved by the National Standardization Management Committee on July 19. This standard is one of the important standards to be matched with the Energy Conservation Law. It is of great significance to implement the national energy conservation and emission reduction work requirements, promote the improvement of China's light commercial vehicle energy conservation technology, and improve China's automobile energy conservation standard system. This standard sets two stages of fuel consumption limit for China's light commercial vehicles: Since February 1, 2008, the newly certified basic model car and its variant vehicles should meet the second-stage limit value requirements; since 2009 From January 1 of the year, the production vehicles and their variant vehicles certified before February 1, 2008 shall meet the requirements of the first phase of the limit; as of January 1, 2011, all vehicles applicable to this standard shall Meets the second phase limit requirements. After the realization of the second phase of the goal, the average fuel consumption of China's light commercial vehicles is expected to reduce by 10% to 15%.
It is the key to formulate a standard to propose how the evaluation system determines the limited scale to evaluate the fuel consumption of light commercial vehicles. Prior to the establishment of the National Standard for Fuel Consumption Limits of Light Commercial Vehicles, the China Automotive Technology and Research Center, where the National Automobile Standardization Technical Committee is located, began to study the fuel consumption evaluation system. According to Xu Baumain, the principal drafter of the standard and a researcher of the China Automotive Technology and Research Center, the “Limit of Fuel Consumption for Light Commercial Vehicles†is a mandatory national standard. For many years, China has adopted the EU's standards or regulations when it comes to setting mandatory standards for automobiles. However, the EU has no directives or regulations regarding the limits of fuel consumption of automobiles. Both the United States and Japan have standards or regulations for vehicle fuel consumption limits. The U.S. automobile fuel consumption evaluation system does not prevent the auto factories from producing cars with different fuel consumption. The government can control the total car fuel consumption. In the evaluation system of automobile fuel consumption in Japan, automobile manufacturers that produce various quality models are under pressure to reduce fuel consumption, and also reflect the government's policy orientation toward different-quality automobiles.
However, according to the specific circumstances of our country, the evaluation system of the United States and Japan does not apply, and it needs to be innovative in the evaluation system. Research, statistics, and analysis are the basis for the evaluation system innovation. In the process of standard setting, the drafting team analyzed the fuel consumption of 544 light commercial vehicles from 14 manufacturers in the 2005 World Automotive Yearbook, and found that the total or curb quality and fuel consumption of these vehicles were not There is a regular correlation, and there is a certain correlation with engine displacement. The drafting group believes that the total mass of the vehicle represents the load capacity of the vehicle and is an important parameter for the commercial vehicle; if the total mass of the vehicle and the engine displacement are integrated as a means of indicating the fuel consumption limit, both the commercial vehicle and the commercial vehicle are considered. The basic characteristics, in turn, have a good correlation with the fuel consumption of commercial vehicles. This determines the evaluation system that uses the maximum design mass of the car plus the engine displacement as the fuel consumption limit for light commercial vehicles.
In addition, the distribution characteristics of the total mass and engine displacement of gasoline, diesel trucks, and passenger cars in China are different. The standard uses different total mass and engine displacement to limit the fuel consumption, so this standard addresses two In the implementation stage, 33 sets of limit values ​​were given. In order to formulate this standard, the drafting group also carried out research on the general consumption of fuel for domestic commercial vehicles and statistical analysis. The drafting group analyzed and analyzed the fuel consumption of 252 models submitted by 19 units in China. Starting from the reality of China's light commercial vehicles is an important principle in the development of this standard. The drafting group also statistically analyzed the fuel consumption of light commercial vehicles sold by various countries in the United States in 2005, including 544 models of 14 manufacturers, and compared them according to the evaluation system of this standard. The results show that the first stage limit of the N1 class (trucks with a total mass of less than or equal to 3,500 kg) is less than 4 liters in the engine and M2 (the total mass is less than or equal to 3500 kg, including the driver's seat) In the nine-passenger, generally not more than 12 passenger vehicles), the first-stage limit of the petrol vehicle is significantly higher than the fuel consumption of light commercial vehicles in various countries in 2005 when the engine displacement is less than 5 liters.
Although U.S.-produced vehicles consume relatively more fuel, light-duty commercial vehicles sold in the United States include vehicles produced in major automobile-producing countries in the world. This analysis addresses the current level of vehicle fuel consumption in the world. In addition, China's light commercial vehicles basically do not use engines with a displacement of more than 4 liters or 5 liters, and they do not encourage the use of large-displacement engines. Xu Bauming said that this analysis is very complicated, but one very sure conclusion is that China’s light commercial vehicles still have great potential in reducing fuel consumption. After putting forward the evaluation system and determining the limited scale, the drafting group proposed a relatively loose first-stage limit value. Most of the light commercial vehicles currently produced in China can meet the limit value, and the second-stage limit is in The first-stage limit is about 5% to 10% more strict. After achieving the second-phase goal, although the fuel consumption level of China's large-displacement light commercial vehicles is not much different from that of major automobile-producing countries, the fuel consumption level of small-displacement vehicles still has a certain gap compared with that of major automobile-producing countries. Unlike most standards, the “Limited Fuel Consumption Limit for Light Commercial Vehicles†was the earliest implementation of the second-stage limit. The first-stage limit was one year late. Implementing this standard completely will begin. About four years after the implementation.
The time for the implementation of the standard was February 1, 2008. From this time onwards, the newly certified basic model should meet the second-stage limit. Xu Bauma explained that the earliest implementation of the second-stage limit was mainly because the manufacturing enterprises of China's major light commercial vehicles learned about the standard's degree of control as early as before the standard began to be established in 2005. The blindness of the two developments occurred during the development of new models. At the beginning of the development of the standard, the drafting group determined that the implementation of the new standard for the newly certified basic models should be completed in one step. For modified vehicles in production vehicles and established products, due to the need to improve the level of fuel consumption limit required by the standard, the first phase limit value shall be met approximately one year after the implementation of the standard, ie, on January 1, 2009. . Variant vehicles in production vehicles and fixed products must comply with the second-stage limit values ​​as of January 1, 2012.
Maximum design total mass and displacement limited consumption
According to Jin Y, the chief drafter of the standard and the chief engineer of China Automotive Technology and Research Center, the standard gives the total mass of the truck (namely category N1) and total mass of 3,500 kg in accordance with the maximum design total mass and engine displacement. Less than or equal to 3500 kg including more than 9 seats including driver's seat, generally no more than 12 passenger vehicles (ie M2) 100 km fuel consumption First and second phase 33 limit, 2 There are a total of 66 limits for the phases. Take the gasoline vehicle as an example: The fuel consumption limit of the first stage of the N1 gasoline vehicle: The maximum design total mass is less than or equal to 2000 kg. Regardless of the engine displacement, the 100 km fuel consumption limit is 8 liters. The maximum design total mass is greater than 2000 kg, less than or equal to 2500 kg, the engine displacement is less than or equal to 1.5 litres, the fuel consumption limit per 100 km is 9 liters; the engine displacement is greater than 1.5 liters, less than or equal to 2 liters, and the fuel consumption per 100 kilometers is limited The value is 10 liters; the engine displacement is greater than 2 liters and less than or equal to 2.5 liters, the fuel consumption limit per 100 kilometers is 11.5 liters; the engine displacement is greater than 2.5 liters, and the fuel consumption limit per 100 kilometers is 13.5 liters.
The maximum design total mass is greater than 2500 kg, less than or equal to 3000 kg, the engine displacement is less than or equal to 2 liters, the 100 km fuel consumption limit is 10 liters, the engine displacement is greater than 2 liters, 2.5 liters or less, and the 100 km fuel consumption limit The value is 12 litres; the engine's displacement is greater than 2.5 liters, and the 100-kilometre fuel consumption limit is 14 liters. The maximum design total mass is greater than 3,000 kilograms, the engine displacement is less than or equal to 2.5 liters, the fuel consumption limit for one hundred kilometers is 12.5 liters, the engine displacement is greater than 2.5 liters and less than or equal to 3 litres, and the fuel consumption limit for one hundred kilometers is 14 liters; The engine displacement is greater than 3 litres and the fuel consumption limit per 100 km is 15.5 liters.
The first-stage fuel consumption limit of type M2 gasoline vehicles: The maximum design total mass is less than or equal to 3000 kg, the engine displacement is less than or equal to 2 liters, the 100 km fuel consumption limit is 10.7 liters; the engine displacement is greater than 2 liters, less than or equal to 2.5 litres, 100 kilometers fuel consumption limit is 12.2 liters; engine displacement is greater than 2.5 liters, less than or equal to 3 liters, 100 kilometers fuel consumption limit is 13.5 liters; engine displacement is greater than 3 liters, 100 kilometers fuel consumption limit The value is 14.5 liters. The maximum design total mass is greater than 3,000 kilograms, the engine displacement is less than or equal to 2.5 liters, the fuel consumption limit for one hundred kilometers is 12.5 liters, the engine displacement is greater than 2.5 liters and less than or equal to 3 litres, and the fuel consumption limit for one hundred kilometers is 14 liters; The engine displacement is greater than 3 litres and the fuel consumption limit per 100 km is 15.5 liters. The second-stage fuel consumption limit for all types of light commercial vehicles: The second-phase fuel consumption limit for all types of light commercial vehicles is higher than the first phase by a certain limit.
For example, for a N1 petrol vehicle, a light commercial vehicle with a maximum design total mass of more than 3,000 kg has an engine displacement of more than 3 liters. The 100-kilometre fuel consumption limit is 14 liters, an increase of 1.5 liters. In M2 gasoline vehicles, the maximum design total mass is less than or equal to 3,000 kilograms, the engine displacement is greater than 2 liters and less than or equal to 2.5 liters, the 100-kilometre fuel consumption limit is 11 liters, an increase of 1.2 liters.